全国2020年10月高等教育自学考试
英语(一)试题
课程代码:00012
第一部分:阅读判断(第1~10题，每题1分，共10分)
下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断:如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C.在答题纸相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。
Australian Aborigines (土著居民)
Some aborigines live in the desert of Western Australia. They gather wild plants and hunt wild animals. Their desert environment averages less than eight inches of rain per year. And the temperature in summer may rise to 48°C. The few permanent (永久的) water holes are separated by hundreds of square miles of sand and rock.
On a typical day, the aborigines get up just before sunrise. The people breakfast on water and food left over from the night before. Children are sent to fetch water. In the cool of the early morning, the adults talk and make plans for the day. Where should they go for food to places they have been to recently, or to new places? The women decide which plants they want to collect, and where those plants are most likely to be found. Then they take up their sticks and set out with large wooden bowls of drinking water on their heads. Their children ride on their hips (胯) or walk alongside. Meanwhile, the men may have decided to hunt animals. They go to a stream where they will wait to get any animal that may come along. They lie patiently behind a screen of bush they have set up, hoping for a chance to throw a spear (利) at the animal. If they miss, the animal will run away. So they can only throw once. By noon, the men and women are back at camp. The women are usually with their wooden bowls each filled with fruits or other plant foods; the men are often with only some small animals such as rabbits. Since the men's food-getting is less certain of success than the women's, most of the aborigines' diet is plant food.
1. Some Australian aborigines live by hunting and collecting wild plants.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
2. There are many permanent water holes near the aborigines' homes.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
3. The aborigine children usually start schooling around eight years old.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
4. The aborigines get up early in the morning.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
5. The aborigines have supper leftovers for breakfast.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
6. The aborigine adults make plans in the evening.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
7. When setting out to work, the aborigine women leave their children at home.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
8. The aborigine men run after wild animals and try to catch them.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
9. The aborigines mainly eat plant food.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
10. The aborigines' diet makes them strong and healthy.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
第二部分:阅读选择(第11~15题，每题2分，共10分)
阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出1个最佳选项，并在答题纸相应位置.上将该项涂黑。
Keeper of the Spring
An old man lived in a quiet forest high above an Austrian village along the eastern side of the Alps (阿尔卑斯山). He had been hired many years earlier by a young man from the town council (委员会) to clear away the rubbish from the pools of water up in the mountain that fed the lovely spring flowing through their town. Faithfully and silently, he walked around in the hills every day, removed the leaves and branches, and wiped away the mud that would otherwise have choked and polluted the fresh flow of water. The village soon became a popular attraction for vacationers.
Years passed. One evening the town council met for its monthly meeting. As they reviewed the budget, one man's eye caught the salary being paid to the keeper of the spring. Said the keeper of the purse, "Who is the old man? Why do we keep him on year after year? No one ever sees him. For all we know, he is doing us no good. He isn't necessary any longer." After a vote, they stopped the old man's services.
For several weeks, nothing changed.
By early autumn, the branches and leaves of trees began to fall into the pools, blocking the rushing flow of water. Within a few days, the water became darker and darker. Within another week, a terrible smell was detected (觉察). Soon, fingers of disease reached deeply into the village.
Realizing their error of judgment, the council rehired the old keeper of the spring and, within a few weeks, the river of life began to clear up.
Never become discouraged with the seeming smallness of your task, job, or life. The key to achievement is believing that what you can do will make a difference.
11. The old man was hired to
A. keep the pools of water clean
B. feed the lovely spring
C. look after the trees in the forest
D. manage the town council
12. Tourists coming to the village were mainly attracted by
A. the town council building
B. the old man
C. the lovely spring
D. the quiet forest
13. The town council fired the old man because they thought
A. his job was not useful
B. his salary was too high
C. he did not do his job well
D. he was too old for the job
14. What happened after the old man was dismissed?
A. The trees began to die off.
B. Villagers moved into the forest.
C. The spring became dry.
D. Diseases spread in the village.
15. What can we learn from this text?
A. No pain, no gain.
B. Every job is worth having.
C. Practice makes perfect.
D. He laughs best who laughs last.
第三部分:概括段落大意和补全句子(第16~25题，每题1分，共10分)
阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务: (1) 从第16~20题后所给的6个选项中为第➊~❺段每段选择1个正确的小标题; (2) 从第21~25题后所给的6个选项中选择5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。在答题纸相应位置写出答案代码。
Super Sense of Smell
➊ Dogs have a surprising sense of smell. It allows them to perform excellently at search-and- -rescue operations. It also enables them to detect bombs. They can even sniff (嗅) out chemical changes resulting from certain diseases. Therefore, dogs are trained to save people's lives.
❷ Dogs begin training when they are two months old. Their owners drop them off at training centers from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. every weekday. During the time, trainers play hide-and seek with the dogs to train their sense of smell. They teach the dogs to climb ladders and run past obstacles (障碍). They also expose the dogs to loud noises.
❸ Diseases have specific smells. Although the smells are usually too subtle for human noses to detect, dogs can tell something is wrong and warn people about the problem by barking. Many people have reported that their dogs warmed them of an illness.
❹ Scientists are training dogs to detect disease. A dog is asked to sniff a wheel. Blood samples from different people are attached to the outside of the wheel. Blood from a cancer patient has a slightly different smell than blood from a healthy person. The dog must figure out which blood sample to pick.
❺ Scientists are working to design an electronic nose that can sniff out cancer. To do that, they need to figure out what molecules (分子) are sent out from the cancer. Then they can create a mixture with similar smell to that of the cancer. Once scientists know which molecules match the cancer's smell, e-nose could be designed to detect cancer.
Task 1
16. Paragraph➊:
17. Paragraph❷:
18. Paragraph❸:
19. Paragraph ❹:
20. Paragraph ❺:
A. Electronic nose design
B. Blood sample detection
C. Molecule structure
D. Training for dogs
E. Life-saving ability of dogs
F. Dogs' ability to detect diseases
Task 2
21. Dogs can recognize chemical changes______.
22. Dogs are sent to training centers______.
23. Dogs sometimes can warn their owners______.
24. Dogs are trained to detect diseases______.
25. To design an e-nose, scientists must find out______.
A. to train their sense of smell
B. to perform search and rescue
C. which are caused by diseases
D. who suffer from certain cancers
E. which molecules go with cancer
F. by recognizing certain blood samples
第四部分:填句补文(第26~30题，每题2分，共10分)
下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题纸相应位置写出答案代码。
Summer School
It was the first week of June. Gabi just finished her third year of high school. However, when she received her report card in the mail, she learned that she failed a semester of algebra(代数).26
Gabi was glad she had the chance to make up for the class. She can't move on to the next level in math if she doesn't pass algebra. Summer school isn't easy though. 27 During the regular school year, however, she has twenty weeks to do so.
Summer school meant that Gabi would be stuck in a hot classroom while most of her friends were at the beach or local amusement parks. Gabi's friends didn't fail any course.28 Going to summer school also meant that Gabi's family had to change their summer vacation plans.
Gabi had to be in summer school from 9 a.m. to noon.29 She had to be on the bus at least an hour before class started or else she would be late. The classrooms were hot since the school building was old and did not have air conditioning. When Gabi came home from school, she couldn't do whatever she wanted. She had homework to do.
This was the first time Gabi had to go to summer school.30 She made a promise to herself. In the fall, when regular classes begin again, she will try her hardest to pass all the courses.
A. She wanted it to be the last time.
B. She couldn't stay up late on weeknights.
C. Gabi planned to go travelling next summer.
D. This meant she had to go to summer school.
E. Gabi has to master the material in six weeks.
F. They could have the whole summer free from schoolwork.
第五部分:填词补文(第31~40题，每题1.5分，共15分)
下面的短文有10 处空白，短文后列出12个词，其中10 个取自短文，请根据短文:内容将其分别放回原有位置,以恢复文章原貌,并在答题纸相应位置写出答案代码。
Myths of Our Finger-nails
Everyone knows your finger-nails can show whether you are in good health or not. But that is not entirely true. Well, 31 , there are plenty of people with health 32 who have normal-looking nails.
There can be a significant number of ways that finger-nails of healthy people can look 33 . So while paying attention to changes in your nails is34 , thinking that there is a health problem may be too early.
Some women_ 35 that rubbing garlic (大蒜) on their nails has helped their nails grow longer. But that is not the case. Keeping nails 36 wet in proper ways can help 37 them from breaking, particularly in the 38 and winter months. It is a good idea to 39 hand cream on your hands and finger-nails after washing them, which will offer 40 from bad weather.
A. different
B. hopefully
C. prevent
D. believe
E. actually
F. protection
G. valuable
H. beautiful
I. use
J. issues
K. autumn
L. slightly
第六部分:完形补文(第41~50题，每题1.5分，共15分)
下面的短文有10 处空白，每处空白后的括号内有一个词，请根据短文内容将其正确的形式填入文中，以恢复文章原貌，并将答案代码写在答题纸相应位置上。
Mark Spitz
Mark Spitz is one of the greatest (great) swimmers of all time. He_ 41_ (obtain)seven gold medals at the 1972 Munich Games.
American Mark Spitz had_ 42 (proud) predicted that he would win six gold medals at the 1968 Mexico City Games. Although he_ 43 (do) take home two gold medals from the relays (接力), he performed well below 44 (expect) in his individual races.
At the 1972 Munich Games, Spitz was_ 45_ (determine) to make up for his poor_ 46 (perform) four years earlier. This time he was quite_ 47_ (success). Over a period of eight days, Mark Spitz entered seven_ 48 (event), won all seven and set a world record in every one.
Mark Spitz_ 49 (hold) the record for most gold medals won at a single Olympic Games for 36 years. It was_ 50 (final) broken by Michael Phelps who won eight gold medals at the 2008 Beijing Games.
第七部分:短文写作(第51题，30分)
请根据所提供材料中的要求完成一篇80词左右的英文写作任务。将你的答案写在答题纸相应的位置上。
51.
