2018年考研：阅读长难句精析之比较结构
比较结构是英语中一个比较复杂的语法现象，用来表达人或事物的属性或特征的不同程度。常见的比较结构有:相等比较结构(如the same... as... ; as..a as…等)、不等比较结构(如not so ...as... )、劣等比较结构(less than... ; worse than... ; ... inferior to…等)、优等比较结构(如more than...; better than... ;superior to... )。值得注意的是一些较为特殊的表达形式，如no/not any... more than, no more than, all/only/much + the+比较级，not so much as, A is to B what X is to Y与what A is to B( that) X is to Y等。这些结构理解起来不是太容易，如不掌握这些形式，很可能造成语义上的误解。
1.【典型难句】There is no more difference, but there is just the same kind of difference, between the mental operation of a man of science and those of an ordinary person，as there is difference between the operations and methods of a baker or of a butcher weighing out his goods in common scales，and the operations of a chemist in performing a difficult and complex analysis by means of his balance and finely graded weights.
【结构精析】本句是并列复杂句，后半句包含一个the same... as…的比较结构。本句难点是两个由介词between引导的短语，作定语分别修饰。difference o
【难句精译】科学家的大脑活动与普通人的大脑活动之间的差异，就像面包师烤面包或屠夫用普通秤称货，与化学家用天平进行复杂分析的操作之间的差异一样，没有什么别的不同。
2.【典型难句】IThe chief reason for the population growth isn't so much a rise in birth rates as a fall in death rates as a result of improvements is in medical care.
【结构精析】本句的比较结构是so much... as，意思是“不是……而是……”。
【难句精译】人口增长的主要原因不是出生率的提高，而是由于医疗条件的改善使死亡率下降的结果。
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