What makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others? The answer is “no”. It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist. You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter. You will probably agree, too, that knowing how to investigate, how to discover information, is important to everyone. The scientist, however, goes one step further, he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer can be confirmed by other persons. He also works to fit the answers he gets to many questions into a large set of ideas about how the world works.The scientist’s knowledge must be exact. There is no room for half right or right just half the time. He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit. What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times. If the conditions are different, any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions. This is one reason that investigations are important in science. Albert Einstein, who developed the Theory of Relativity, arrived at this theory through mathematics. The accuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigations, and Einstein’s ideas were shown to be correct. A scientist uses many tools for measurements. Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations. -试题库-考无忧网校

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What makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others? The answer is “no”. It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist. You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter. You will probably agree, too, that knowing how to investigate, how to discover information, is important to everyone. The scientist, however, goes one step further, he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer can be confirmed by other persons. He also works to fit the answers he gets to many questions into a large set of ideas about how the world works.
The scientist’s knowledge must be exact. There is no room for half right or right just half the time. He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit. What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times. If the conditions are different, any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions. This is one reason that investigations are important in science. Albert Einstein, who developed the Theory of Relativity, arrived at this theory through mathematics. The accuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigations, and Einstein’s ideas were shown to be correct. A scientist uses many tools for measurements. Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations.

1.[单选题]What is the main idea of the passage? ________

A.The theory of relativity.
B.Exactness is the core of science.
C.Scientists are different from ordinary people.
D.Exactness and ways of using tools are the keys to the making of a scientist.

解题思路：主旨题。根据第一段与第二段的第一句。

2.[单选题]A sound scientific theory should be one that _________.

A.works not only under one set of conditions at one time, but also under the same conditions at other time
B.does not allow any changes even under different conditions
C.can be used for many purposes
D.leaves no room for improvement

解题思路：细节题。根据第二段第三句，即“科学家必须在条件允许的情况下尽可能正确。”

3.[单选题]The underlined part in the passage shows_______.

A.the importance of information
B.the importance of thinking
C.the difference between scientists and ordinary people
D.the difference between carpenters and people with other jobs

解题思路：推断题。根据第一段第七句，转折句，起比较作用。

4.[单选题]The author quotes the case of Albert Einstein to illustrate __________.

A.that measurements are keys to success in science
B.that accuracy of mathematics
C.that investigations are important in science
D.that the mathematical calculations may test his investigations

解题思路：细节题。根据第二段，作者举爱因斯坦用数学推导出相对论的实例是对上句论点的阐述。

5.[单选题]What makes a scientist according to the passage? ________

A.The tools he uses.
B.The way he uses his tools.
C.His ways of learning.
D.The various tools he uses.

解题思路：主旨题。根据第一段第四句的强调句，即“能成为科学家的不是在于他用什么工具，而是在于他是如何使用工具的。”

参考答案：D,A,C,C,B

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