The medical world is gradually realizing that the quality of the environment in hospitals may play a significant role in the process of recovery from illness. As part of a nationwide effort in Britain to bring art out of the galleries and into public places, some of the country's most talented artists have been called in to transform older hospitals and to soften the hard edges of modern buildings. Of the 2,500 National Health Service hospitals in Britain, almost 100 now have significant collections of contemporary art in corridors, waiting areas and treatment rooms. These recent initiatives owe a great deal to one artist, Peter Senior, who set up his studio at a Manchester hospital in northeastern England during the early 1970s. He felt the artist had lost his place in modem society, and that art should be enjoyed by a wider audience. A typical hospital waiting room might have as many as 500 visitors each week. What better place to hold regular exhibitions of art? Senior held the first exhibition of his own paintings in the out-patients waiting area of the Manchester Royal Hospital in 1975.Believed to be Britain's first hospital artist, Senior was so much in demand that he was soon joined by a team of six young art school graduates. The effect is striking. Now in the corridors and waiting rooms the visitor experiences a full view of fresh colors, playful images and restful courtyards. The quality of the environment may reduce the need for expensive drugs when a patient is recovering from an illness. A study has shown that patients who had a view onto a garden needed half the number of strong pain killers compared with patients who had no view at all or only a brick wall to look at.-大学英语四级题库-考无忧网校

A.呈类圆锥形或近球形，外层鳞叶2瓣，大小悬殊，大瓣紧抱小瓣，未抱部分呈新月形，习称"怀中抱月"
B.呈类扁球形，外层2瓣鳞叶相对抱合，顶端开裂
C.呈长圆锥形，表面类白色或浅棕黄色，有的具棕色斑点，习称"虎皮斑"。外面鳞叶2瓣大小相近，顶端开裂而略尖，基部稍尖
D.为完整的鳞茎。扁圆形，表面类白色，外层鳞叶2瓣，肥厚，略似肾形，互相抱合，内有小鳞叶2～3枚及干缩的残茎。质硬而脆，易折断
E.为鳞茎外层单瓣肥厚的鳞叶，略呈新月形，外表面类白色至淡黄色，内表面白色或淡棕色，被白色粉末

1.[单选题]青贝的性状特征为( )。

2.[单选题]珠贝的性状特征为( )。

3.[单选题]松贝的性状特征为( )。

4.[单选题]大贝的性状特征为( )。

5.[单选题]炉贝的性状特征为( )。

参考答案： B,D,A,E,C

解题思路：⒈ 大贝为鳞茎外层单瓣肥厚的鳞叶，略呈新月形，高1～2cm，直径2～3.5cm。外表面类白色至淡黄色，内表面白色或淡棕色，被白色粉末。 ⒉ 青贝呈类扁球形，直径0.4～1.6cm。外层2瓣鳞叶相对抱合，顶端开裂。 ⒊ 松贝呈类圆锥形或近球形，高3～8mm，直径3～9mm。表面类白色。外层鳞叶2瓣，大小悬殊，大瓣紧抱小瓣，未抱部分呈新月形，习称"怀中抱月"；顶部闭合，内有心芽和小鳞叶1～2枚；先端钝圆或稍尖，底部平，中心有灰褐色的鳞茎盘。质硬而脆，断面白色，富粉性。气微，味微苦。 ⒋ 珠贝为完整的鳞茎。扁圆形，高1～1.5cm，直径1～2.5cm。表面类白色，外层鳞叶2瓣，肥厚，略似肾形，互相抱合，内有小鳞叶2～3枚及干缩的残茎。质硬而脆，易折断，断面白色至黄白色，富粉性，气微，味苦。 ⒌ 炉贝呈长圆锥形，直径0.5～2.5cm，表面类白色或浅棕黄色，有的具棕色斑点，习称"虎皮斑"。外面鳞叶2瓣大小相近，顶端开裂而略尖，基部稍尖。